Clean up TE error handling, wrap sigalrm handler (#85232)

* Clean up TE error handling, wrap sigalrm handler

* Preserve error detail on AnsibleAction and Connection exceptions.
* Remove multiple layers of unreachable or redundant error handling.
* Wrap manual alarm signal/timeout handling into a context manager, add tests.

Co-authored-by: Matt Clay <matt@mystile.com>

* update error message check in test

* update test timeout message assertions

---------

Co-authored-by: Matt Clay <matt@mystile.com>

test/units/utils/test_errors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+
+from ansible import errors
+
+from units.test_utils.controller.display import emits_warnings
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("name", (
+    "AnsibleFilterTypeError",
+    "_AnsibleActionDone",
+))
+def test_deprecated(name: str) -> None:
+    with emits_warnings(deprecation_pattern='is deprecated'):
+        getattr(errors, name)
+
+
+def test_deprecated_attribute_error() -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
+        getattr(errors, 'bogus')