Adrien FerrandandBrad Warren 1df778859b [Windows|Linux] Use builtin Python proxy capabilities for Certbot-CI (#7156)
This PR is a part of the actions necessary to make Certbot-CI work on Windows, in order to execute the integration tests on this platform.

I initially used the fully-fledged HTTP proxy [Traefik](https://docs.traefik.io/) to distribute HTTP challenges among several pytest nodes, and so parallelize the integration tests. Traefik for this purpose is overkill. We just want to redirect the ACME server to a pytest node depending on the `Host` header, and we use here a production-grade HTTP proxy for that.

However it was not a problem on Linux, as soon as you can have Docker, because this instance is deployed through it.

But this becomes a problem for Windows, where Docker is not available everywhere, very compelling on its setup, and limited by the implemented network drivers. See my comments here https://github.com/letsencrypt/pebble/pull/240 for more details.

Hopefully Python ships with everything needed to implement a simple HTTP proxy, with strictly what we need for the parallelization of integration tests.

This PR implements this kind of HTTP proxy, and remove the coupling to Traefik.

This PR has been tested successfully with integration tests on Pebble under Linux for Python 2.x and Python 3.x, and the proxy alone has been also tested successfully on Windows (no integration tests can be run for now on this platform).

* Create a python proxy

* Refactor proxy config

* Working logic

* Resolve from the path

* Give proxy process to the ACMEServer context manager
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.. This file contains a series of comments that are used to include sections of this README in other files. Do not modify these comments unless you know what you are doing. tag:intro-begin

Certbot is part of EFFs effort to encrypt the entire Internet. Secure communication over the Web relies on HTTPS, which requires the use of a digital certificate that lets browsers verify the identity of web servers (e.g., is that really google.com?). Web servers obtain their certificates from trusted third parties called certificate authorities (CAs). Certbot is an easy-to-use client that fetches a certificate from Lets Encrypt—an open certificate authority launched by the EFF, Mozilla, and others—and deploys it to a web server.

Anyone who has gone through the trouble of setting up a secure website knows what a hassle getting and maintaining a certificate is. Certbot and Lets Encrypt can automate away the pain and let you turn on and manage HTTPS with simple commands. Using Certbot and Let's Encrypt is free, so theres no need to arrange payment.

How you use Certbot depends on the configuration of your web server. The best way to get started is to use our `interactive guide <https://certbot.eff.org>`_. It generates instructions based on your configuration settings. In most cases, youll need `root or administrator access <https://certbot.eff.org/faq/#does-certbot-require-root-administrator-privileges>`_ to your web server to run Certbot.

Certbot is meant to be run directly on your web server, not on your personal computer. If youre using a hosted service and dont have direct access to your web server, you might not be able to use Certbot. Check with your hosting provider for documentation about uploading certificates or using certificates issued by Lets Encrypt.

Certbot is a fully-featured, extensible client for the Let's
Encrypt CA (or any other CA that speaks the `ACME
<https://github.com/ietf-wg-acme/acme/blob/master/draft-ietf-acme-acme.md>`_
protocol) that can automate the tasks of obtaining certificates and
configuring webservers to use them. This client runs on Unix-based operating
systems.

To see the changes made to Certbot between versions please refer to our
`changelog <https://github.com/certbot/certbot/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md>`_.

Until May 2016, Certbot was named simply ``letsencrypt`` or ``letsencrypt-auto``,
depending on install method. Instructions on the Internet, and some pieces of the
software, may still refer to this older name.

Contributing
------------

If you'd like to contribute to this project please read `Developer Guide
<https://certbot.eff.org/docs/contributing.html>`_.

This project is governed by `EFF's Public Projects Code of Conduct <https://www.eff.org/pages/eppcode>`_.

.. _installation:

How to run the client
---------------------

The easiest way to install and run Certbot is by visiting `certbot.eff.org`_,
where you can find the correct instructions for many web server and OS
combinations.  For more information, see `Get Certbot
<https://certbot.eff.org/docs/install.html>`_.

.. _certbot.eff.org: https://certbot.eff.org/

Understanding the client in more depth
--------------------------------------

To understand what the client is doing in detail, it's important to
understand the way it uses plugins.  Please see the `explanation of
plugins <https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html#plugins>`_ in
the User Guide.

Links
=====

.. Do not modify this comment unless you know what you're doing. tag:links-begin

Documentation: https://certbot.eff.org/docs

Software project: https://github.com/certbot/certbot

Notes for developers: https://certbot.eff.org/docs/contributing.html

Main Website: https://certbot.eff.org

Let's Encrypt Website: https://letsencrypt.org

Community: https://community.letsencrypt.org

ACME spec: http://ietf-wg-acme.github.io/acme/

ACME working area in github: https://github.com/ietf-wg-acme/acme

|build-status| |coverage| |docs| |container|

.. |build-status| image:: https://travis-ci.com/certbot/certbot.svg?branch=master
   :target: https://travis-ci.com/certbot/certbot
   :alt: Travis CI status

.. |coverage| image:: https://codecov.io/gh/certbot/certbot/branch/master/graph/badge.svg
   :target: https://codecov.io/gh/certbot/certbot
   :alt: Coverage status

.. |docs| image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/letsencrypt/badge/
   :target: https://readthedocs.org/projects/letsencrypt/
   :alt: Documentation status

.. |container| image:: https://quay.io/repository/letsencrypt/letsencrypt/status
   :target: https://quay.io/repository/letsencrypt/letsencrypt
   :alt: Docker Repository on Quay.io

.. Do not modify this comment unless you know what you're doing. tag:links-end

System Requirements
===================

See https://certbot.eff.org/docs/install.html#system-requirements.

.. Do not modify this comment unless you know what you're doing. tag:intro-end

.. Do not modify this comment unless you know what you're doing. tag:features-begin

Current Features
=====================

* Supports multiple web servers:

  - apache/2.x
  - nginx/0.8.48+
  - webroot (adds files to webroot directories in order to prove control of
    domains and obtain certs)
  - standalone (runs its own simple webserver to prove you control a domain)
  - other server software via `third party plugins <https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html#third-party-plugins>`_

* The private key is generated locally on your system.
* Can talk to the Let's Encrypt CA or optionally to other ACME
  compliant services.
* Can get domain-validated (DV) certificates.
* Can revoke certificates.
* Adjustable RSA key bit-length (2048 (default), 4096, ...).
* Can optionally install a http -> https redirect, so your site effectively
  runs https only (Apache only)
* Fully automated.
* Configuration changes are logged and can be reverted.
* Supports an interactive text UI, or can be driven entirely from the
  command line.
* Free and Open Source Software, made with Python.

.. Do not modify this comment unless you know what you're doing. tag:features-end

For extensive documentation on using and contributing to Certbot, go to https://certbot.eff.org/docs. If you would like to contribute to the project or run the latest code from git, you should read our `developer guide <https://certbot.eff.org/docs/contributing.html>`_.
S
Description
Certbot is EFF's tool to obtain certs from Let's Encrypt and (optionally) auto-enable HTTPS on your server. It can also act as a client for any other CA that uses the ACME protocol.
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